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English Basic

General English: Basic of English Sentence Structure, helping verb, transitive and in-transitive verbs, determiners, etc
English Nouns

Table of Contents

 1.SENTENCE STRUCTURE :

      • Sentence→ Subject + Predicate
        Subject:  A. Main Word (Noun/ Pronoun)
                         B. Qualifier ⇒ There Parts :
        1. Determiner : used before Main Word        2. Adjective  : used before Main Word

        3. Adjective Phrase : used after Main Word
        Predicate ⇒ There Parts :
        1. Verb
        2. Object                                           
        3. Compliment : Subject compliment, Object compliment 
        Verb: Two Type ⇒ 1. Living (Identification-give answer of word Whom?)
        2. Non living (Identification-give answer of word What?)
        Object: Two Type ⇒ 1. Direct (Identification-give answer of word What
        2. Indirect (Identification-give answer of word Whom?)
        NOTE : Subject + Link verb + subject compliment
        some examples :-
        * Priya (Sub), saw(non living verb i.e. saw what? ) a green snake(Predicate).
        * They (Sub) walked(give answer of where i.e. NO direct object) into a big mall.
        [here mall is the object for preposition INTO].
        NOTE : ”preposition always takes its own object”

     2. HELPING VERB :                          

    Be Family Has/ Have Family Do Family Modals
    Is, Am, Are, Be Has/ Have, Does, Do can , could, will, would, shall, should etc.
    Was, Were Had Did
    Been, Being Has, Have Done

    3. PASSIVE VOICE :

        • Identification of Passive voice : [Be family Helping Verb] + [Verb 3rd form]

      4. TRANSITIVE AND INTRANSITIVE VERBS :

          • Transitive Verbs : Give answer of word -WHAT (Direct obj.) & WHOM(Indirect Obj.)
            [Transitive Verb] +[Object]

          • Intransitive Verbs : NO object found after verb but any word found after verb gives answer of word -Where, why, how, when. The word may be adjective or adverb.
            some eg :
            * Karan has donated (transitive) much money [donated what ? = much money]
            * She sang (intransitive) beautifully in the party. [sang how ? = beautifully]
            * She gave(Di-transitive) them five hundred rupees. [gave what ? = money, whom ? =them]
            NOTE : WE CAN MAKE PASSIVE VOICE OF ONLY TRANSITIVE VERBS. 

        Subject + transitive verb +[ noun/ pronoun ]⇐ object⇐ gives answer of what and whom.
        Subject + Intransitive verb + [Preposition +noun/ pronoun]⇐ adjective/ adverb⇐ gives answer of how, where, when.

        5. LINLING VERB :

        Sub + linking verb + [sub. compliment]⇐works as : noun / adjective but never works as adverb.
        Some eg:
        Radha seems (link verb) happy(noun)/ happily(adv)
        He spoke (main verb) happy (N) happily(adv).

         

        6. HELPING VERB WORK AS A MAIN VERB :

            • List of these helping verbs : 
              1. Be Family
              2. Has Have Family
              3. Do Family
              4. Link Verb list : Become, Appears, Look, Sound, Grow, Seem, Turn, Resemble etc.

          7. DETERMINERS :

              • we divide determiners into two categories : 
                Group A
                Articles [A, AN, THE]
                Possessive Pronoun [my, our, his, their, etc]
                Demonstrative Pronoun [this, that, these, those] 
                Group B :
                1. Quantity [ little. all, much, some]
                2. Number [many, few, all, some etc]
                3. Others [ either, neither, each, every etc]
                Some important rule for use of determiners :
                1. Determiners + Noun [yes] eg. All boys
                2. Determiners + Pronoun [No] eg. all you [x]
                3. Determiners + of + Pronoun [yes] eg. all of you

              • Sub + H.V + all/each/both/ + Main verb

              • sub (plural) + H.V(work as main verb) + all/each/both [if main verb not given]

              • Object (plural Pronoun) + both/all/each 
                we must invite all of them/ them all to the party. [here them is plural obj]
                all they [No], They all [yes]

              • Main verb + prep + [ noun/ pronoun ] ⇐ adverb

              • Link verb + prep + [ Noun/ Pronoun ] ⇐ adjective

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